Who Needs a Medical Exam for Canadian Immigration?
If you are applying to come to or stay in Canada, whether as a visitor, worker, student, or permanent resident, you may need to complete an Immigration Medical Examination (IME). IRCC requires these exams to assess health inadmissibility on public health or public safety grounds.
Here’s a breakdown of who needs them, when, and how to comply.
When is a Medical Exam Required?
1. For Temporary Residents (Visitors, Students & Workers)
Not all temporary residents need an IME. The requirement depends on your country of origin and how long you plan to stay.
As of November 3, 2025, IRCC updated the list of countries whose citizens must undergo a medical exam.
Generally, you will need a medical exam if you plan to:
Stay in Canada for more than six months, and
You come from a country on IRCC’s updated IME list, or
You work in a job that requires close contact with the public or vulnerable populations.
You may also do an upfront medical exam (before applying) or wait for IRCC’s instructions after applying.
2. For Permanent Residents
If you apply for permanent residency, you and your dependents (even if they are not coming with you) must normally complete an IME.
There are two types of IMEs:
Standard exam: The usual, more comprehensive test.
Streamlined exam: For urgent or exceptional situations (e.g., humanitarian crises).
Key change (Express Entry): As of August 21, 2025, Express Entry applicants (and their family) must complete an up-front IME before submitting their permanent residence application.
IRCC has a public policy exemption (extended until October 5, 2029) for certain in-Canada applicants: if you had a previous IME within 5 years, and your previous result showed low/no risk, you may not need another exam.
Who Performs the Medical Exam?
You cannot use your family doctor unless they are on IRCC’s designated list. Exams must be done by an IRCC-approved “panel physician.”
At your appointment, you’ll need:
o Valid ID (passport, etc.)
o Medical reports or test results that you have for any previous or existing medical conditions
o A list of your current medications
What to Expect During the Exam
A physical exam (weight, height, vision, hearing, heart & lungs, etc.) and medical history review.
Depending on your age and risk, the panel physician may require a chest X-ray, lab tests, or refer you to a specialist.
If inactive tuberculosis (TB) is found, you may be required to undergo medical surveillance once in Canada, to ensure follow-up.
Validity & Results
Your IME results are generally valid for 12 months.
If you already had an IME completed within the last 5 years, you may be able to reuse it, just make sure to include your IME number in your application.
Important Tips & Risks
Book early: Panel physicians may have limited availability, so don’t delay your exam, especially if it's required up-front (e.g., for Express Entry).
Understand costs: You pay for the examination, any tests, and if applicable, vaccines. IRCC does not refund these fees if your application is refused.
Be honest: Disclose all medical conditions and medications to avoid processing delays.
Medical surveillance: If tuberculosis is flagged in your IME, IRCC will require follow-up in Canada, so ensure your contact info in Canada is up-to-date.
Final Thoughts
Medical exams are a crucial part of the Canadian immigration process. Whether you are applying for a temporary visa or permanent residency, understanding who needs to take an IME, when to do it, and what to expect will help avoid delays, rejections, or complications.
To learn more information or seek legal advice, please do not hesitate to reach out to our experienced law firm at rharding@hardingimmigrationlaw.com or book a consultation here.
